using System;
using System.Reflection;

class C {
  public void M() => throw new NotImplementedException();
}

class Sample {
  static void Main()
  {
    var t = typeof(C);
    var inst = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
    var m = t.GetMethod("M");

    try {
      // MethodInfo.Invokeを使ってメソッドを呼び出す (呼び出し先で例外が発生する)
      m.Invoke(inst, null);
    }
    // 呼び出したメソッドで例外が発生した場合、TargetInvocationExceptionがスローされる
    catch (TargetInvocationException ex) {
      Console.WriteLine(ex);
      Console.WriteLine();

      // InnerExceptionプロパティを参照してメソッドが実際にスローした例外を取得する
      Console.WriteLine("actual exception type: {0}", ex.InnerException.GetType());
    }
  }
}

System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.
 ---> System.NotImplementedException: The method or operation is not implemented.
   at C.M()
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethod(Object target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, Boolean constructor, Boolean wrapExceptions)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)
   at System.Reflection.MethodBase.Invoke(Object obj, Object[] parameters)
   at Sample.Main()

actual exception type: System.NotImplementedException